Numerical investigation of the seismic dynamic response characteristics of high-steep layered granite slopes via time–frequency analysis

The geological structure and stratum lithology have important roles in the seismic stability of complex slopes; however, their complicate engineering construction. Four three-dimensional, layered granite slope models with infinite boundaries were modeled via finite element method. response characteristics slopes are systematically analyzed time–frequency domain. A frequency-domain analysis method slopes, including modal spectrum conjoint analysis, is proposed. Modal can directly display main vibration modes slopes. combination spectral clarify inherent reveal interaction mechanism between frequency dynamic characteristics. results illustrate that structural planes significant effects on propagation waves within rock masses, refraction/reflection phenomena occur near these discontinuities, thus leading to different slope. Layered an apparent magnification effect surface altitude. directions excitation plane types affect Horizontal mainly middle upper parts high-steep while vertical obvious influence crest. Additionally, Fourier shows filtering high-frequency waves. Combined this finding further explains section triggers local deformation low-frequency component controls overall deformation. instability regions evolution process predicted based analysis.